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The Timur ruby (also ''Khiraj-i-alam'', "Tribute to the World") is an unfaceted, 361-carat polished red spinel gemstone set in a necklace in 1853, part of the British Crown Jewels.〔Bowersox, Gary W. (1995). ''Gemstones of Afghanistan.'' GeoVision, Inc., ISBN 9780945005193〕 It is named after the ruler Timur.〔Morgan, Diane (2008). ''Fire and Blood: Rubies in Myth, Magic, and History.'' Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 9780275993047〕 It was believed to be a ruby until 1851. It is inscribed with the names and dates of six of its previous owners: *Timur *Akbar, 1612 *Jahangir, 1628 *Aurangzeb, 1659 *Farrukhsiyar, 1713 *Ahmad Shah Durrani 1754 〔Ball V. (1894). (A Description of Two Large Spinel Rubies, with Persian Characters Engraved upon Them. ) ''Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy'' Vol. 3, (1893 - 1896), pp. 380-400〕 When the British annexed the Punjab in 1849, they took possession of the Timur ruby and the Koh-i-Noor diamond from Ranjit Singh. The two gems have been in the same collection together since 1612. The East India Company presented the Timur ruby to Queen Victoria as a gift in 1851. It was set in a necklace in 1853. After the necklace was lengthened in 1911, it was rarely worn. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Timur ruby」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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